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Blue Economy vs. Green Economy in Kenya

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The concepts of blue and green economy is quite new. However, as time goes by, they continue to gain significance all over the world as many nations are fighting towards achieving sustainable development. In Kenya, the Cabinet Secretary for Mining, Blue Economy and Maritime Affairs is Hassan Ali Joho as nominated by President William Ruto. 

The online dictionary defines blue economy as an economic system or sector that seeks to conserve marine and freshwater environments while using them in a sustainable way to develop economic growth and produce resources such as energy and food. Additionally, the World Bank defines the blue economy as the “sustainable use of ocean resources for economic growth, improved livelihoods, and jobs while preserving the health of ocean ecosystem while the European Commission regards blue economy as "All economic activities related to oceans, seas and coasts.


On the other hand, the online dictionary defines the green economy as “an economic system or sector that is based on or guided by environmentalist principles.” According to the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). “A green economy is one that results in improved human well-being and social equity, while significantly reducing environmental risks and ecological scarcity.”

These two economic paradigms create opportunities and difficulties for Kenya as the country strives to exploit its natural resources while preserving the environment and promoting economic progress. In this article, we will be exploring the difference between the Blue Economy and the Green Economy in Kenya, stressing their importance, promise, and challenges.

Understanding the Blue Economy in Kenya

The Blue Economy also referred to as ocean economy is an element of green economy that refers to the use of ocean resources sustainably for economic growth, improved livelihoods, and jobs creation while still conserving ocean ecosystems. In Kenya, the Blue Economy is made up of different activities such as fishing, maritime transport, tourism, offshore energy, and aquaculture. Kenya has more than 500km coastline that stretches along the Indian Ocean making it a country that is advantaged in leveraging the opportunities presented by the blue economy.

Key Factors Making up the Blue Economy in Kenya

  1. Fisheries and Aquaculture: The large Kenyan coast is affluent of marine biodiversity which in turn offers a treasured resource for fisheries and aquaculture in Mombasa and its neighboring regions. The fishing industry contributes significantly to the economy of the nation. Research shows that the fishing industry injects 0.7% of the total Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and 2% of the national export earnings. Major challenges facing this sector of blue economy are overfishing and illegal fishing practices which need to be addressed by the government.
  2. Maritime Transport: Kenya is strategically located having a large coast region which makes it a hub for maritime transport. Its coast is considered the busiest in the entire east Africa. It is thus the responsibility of the government to improve the port in order to take full advantage of the blue economy.
  3. Coastal Tourism: Kenyan coasts are famous for the beaches, coral reefs and marine life. Coastal tourism is part of the Blue Economy that attracts both local and international tourists. But tourism must be managed well to avoid environmental degradation.

  1. Offshore Energy: Kenya’s offshore areas have potential for renewable energy like wind and wave energy. Developing this can add to the country’s energy mix and reduce its dependence on fossil fuels.

Understanding the Green Economy in Kenya

The Green Economy is an economic model that reduces environmental risks and ecological scarcities to achieve sustainable development according to vision 2030. In Kenya, the Green Economy means initiatives to conserve natural resources, reduce carbon emissions and promote eco-friendly practices across different industries or rather sectors.


Key Components of the Green Economy in Kenya

  1. Renewable Energy: Renewable Energy: Kenya has made great strides in adopting renewable energy sources like solar, wind and geothermal. The country’s vast geothermal potential in the Rift Valley has made her a leader in geothermal energy production in the entire continent. Blue economy can be supported by investing in renewable energy reduces carbon emissions and increases energy security.
  2. Sustainable Agriculture: Agriculture is the backbone of Kenya’s economy, employs a big chunk of the country’s population. The Green Economy promotes sustainable agricultural practices that minimize environmental impacts and increase food security. Agroforestry, organic farming and water efficient irrigation are key in this.
  3. Forest Conservation: Forests are key to biodiversity conservation and climate regulation. Kenya is actively involved in afforestation and reforestation to combat deforestation and promote sustainable land use. Protecting forests is critical to maintaining ecosystem services and supporting local communities.
  1. Waste Management: one of the key considerations of the green economy is efficient waste management. However, Kenya still faces challenges associated with management of waste from waste generation to disposal. The situation is even worse in urban areas. Therefore, there is need to put in place practices for recycling waste and converting waste to energy. This will help a great deal in avoiding environmental pollution while at the same time creating opportunities for economic development.

Blue Economy vs Green Economy: A Comparison

Both Blue Economy and Green Economy are about sustainable development but they differ in scope and focus. Blue Economy targets marine and coastal resources, harnessing the potential of oceans and seas for economic growth. Green Economy covers a wider range of sectors, energy, agriculture, forestry and waste management with a focus on reducing carbon emissions and conserving terrestrial ecosystems.

Economic potential

The Blue Economy has huge economic potential for Kenya given our marine resources. It can create jobs, reduce poverty and diversify the economy. But to realize this potential we need to address overfishing, marine pollution and inadequate infrastructure.

On the other hand the Green Economy offers opportunities for sustainable growth across multiple sectors. By transitioning to renewable energy, promoting sustainable agriculture and conserving forests Kenya can reduce its environmental footprint and increase resilience to climate change. The Green Economy can also drive innovation and technological advancement, a more sustainable and inclusive economy.

Environmental Sustainability

Both Blue Economy and Green Economy are about environmental sustainability but with different focus areas. Blue Economy focuses on conservation of marine ecosystems, sustainable fishing practices and responsible coastal tourism. Protecting marine biodiversity and habitats is key to healthy ocean ecosystems.

Green Economy focuses on reducing carbon emissions, conserving terrestrial ecosystems and promoting eco-friendly practices. By adopting sustainable land management practices and transitioning to clean energy sources Kenya can mitigate climate change impacts and conserve natural resources.

Challenges and Opportunities of Blue Economy in Kenya

Both Blue Economy and Green Economy present challenges and opportunities for Kenya. In Blue Economy challenges such as overfishing, pollution and inadequate infrastructure must be addressed for sustainable growth. But investments in marine research, technology and capacity building can unlock Blue Economy potential that will help the country a great deal. 

Challenges and Opportunities of Green Economy in Kenya

In Green Economy transitioning to sustainable practices requires policy support, financial investment and public awareness. Kenya’s commitment to renewable energy and sustainable agriculture is a good start but more needs to be done to scale up and make it inclusive.

Summary

In summary Blue Economy and Green Economy are two different but complementary pathways for Kenya’s sustainable development. By using our marine and terrestrial resources responsibly we can have economic growth, environmental conservation and social well-being. We need to balance the two economies’ priorities by working together government, private sector and civil society to build a sustainable future for the country.


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Author

I’m Clinton Wamalwa Wanjala, a financial writer and certified financial consultant passionate about empowering the youth with practical financial knowledge. As the founder of Fineducke.com, I provide accessible guidance on personal finance, entrepreneurship, and investment opportunities.